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雏蝗属黑翅亚属两种雏蝗染色体核型的比较研究

引用本文：林晨，王宁，杜飞，能乃扎布，吴志毅.2012,雏蝗属黑翅亚属两种雏蝗染色体核型的比较研究.Entomotaxonomia,34(3):503~508

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作者	单位
林晨，王宁，杜飞，能乃扎布，吴志毅	1. 中国农业科学院草原研究所，内蒙古呼和浩特 010010 2. 内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010022 3. 内蒙古自治区固体废物管理中心，内蒙古呼和浩特 010022 4. 浙江省出入境检验检疫局，浙江杭州 310000

中文摘要:采用常规染色体制片方法，对雏蝗属黑翅亚属的黑翅雏蝗 (Chorthippus (Megaulacobothrus) aethalinus (Zub.)) 和中华雏蝗 (Ch. (M.) chinensis Tarb.) 的染色体核型进行了分析比较，结果表明，两种雏蝗的染色体数目均为2n (♂) = 17 = 16 + XO；常染色体为中部着丝粒 (m，6条) 和端部着丝粒 (t，10条) 两种类型，性染色体类型为端部着丝粒，二者的相似性显示出该属的基本特征。但两种雏蝗的核型公式和染色体的相对长度组成则不相同，黑翅雏蝗K (2n, ♂) = 6m + 11t = 6L + 6M + 4S + XO；中华雏蝗K (2n, ♂) = 6m + 11t = 6L + 8M + 2S + XO。而且，二种雏蝗的性染色体位次及相对长度也有明显差异：黑翅雏蝗的性染色体位于第五位，相对长度为8.33%，而中华雏蝗的则位于第八位，相对长度为5.53%。由此看出，二种雏蝗不同物种间存在的不同遗传特征。

中文关键词:黑翅雏蝗中华雏蝗染色体核型分析

Comparative study of the chromosome karyotypes of two species of grasshoppers in Megaulacobothrus Caudell (Orthoptera: Acridoidea)

Abstract:The chromosome karyotypes of Chorthippus (Megaulacobothrus) aethalinus (Zubovsky) and Ch. (M.) chinensis Tarbinsky were compared. Results show that the chromosome numbers of the two species fit 2n (♂) = 17 = 16 + XO, in which three pairs of autosomal and sex chromosomes were terminal chromosomes, and the other five pairs of autosomes were metacentric chromosomes. These are diagnosis characters for Chorthippus. However, these two species can be distinguished by the different chromosome formula (CF) and the relative length (RL). The CF in Ch. (M.) aethalinus is K (2n,♂) = 6m + 11t = 6L + 6M + 4S + XO, whereas that of Ch. (M.) chinensis is K (2n,♂) = 6m + 11t = 6L + 8M + 2S + XO. In addition, we also found that the relative lengths of sex chromosomes in the two species were different from each other. The sex-chromosome of Ch. (M.) aethalinus is located at the fifth position and its relative length is 8.33% whereas that of Ch. (M.) chinensis is at the eighth position and its relative length is 5.53%. These results show that significantly different genetic features exist for the two species of Chorthippus.

keywords:Chorthippus (Megaulacobothrus) aethalinus, Chorthippus (Megaulacobothrus) chinensis, karyotype

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